Roya amarilla o estriada del trigo (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici)

.

Grupo de cultivos: Cereales

Especie hospedante: Trigo (Triticum aestivum)

Etiología: Hongo. Biotrófico

Agente causal: Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici  Westend., (1854)

Taxonomía: Fungi > Basidiomycota > Pucciniomycotina > Pucciniomycetes > Pucciniales > Pucciniaceae > Puccinia

---

Nuevas razas detectadas en Argentina:

SEVERE EPIDEMICS OF WHEAT YELLOW RUST IN ARGENTINA. GRRC. 09-02-2018

GRRC Summary of Puccinia striiformis race analysis 2017 (online February 10, 2018)

.

Antecedentes

Históricamente, P. striiformis siempre se manifestó con mayor frecuencia en la región sur de la provincia de Buenos Aires, debido a sus requerimientos de temperaturas frescas. Sin embargo, en las últimas dos campañas agrícolas 2017/2018 y 2018/2019 se han desarrollado epidemias inéditas en zonas de mayores temperaturas medias, como la zona núcleo de la Pradera Pampeana (sur de Santa Fe, norte de Buenos Aires, Córdoba y Entre Ríos), y desde Agosto 2018 se ha detectado en la provincia de Tucumán. Ver nota de actualización al pie de esta página.

.

Síntomas y signos

Las pústulas amarillentas ocurren sobre las hojas y están dispuestas en estrías paralelas a las nervaduras.

.

Condiciones predisponentes

• Para el establecimiento de la enfermedad (infecciones primarias): Temperaturas  entre 10 a 15 ° C y formación de rocío durante varias horas.
• Para la dispersión de la enfermedad (infecciones secundarias): Días soleados y ventosos, temperaturas  frescas de alrededor de 10 ° C a  15 C y noches con formación de rocío durante varias horas.

.

Ciclo de la enfermedad

.

Manejo

Siembra de cultivares resistentes, uso de fungicidas de acuerdo con umbrales de decisión económica.

.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

---

 

Detecciones 2018:

 

Detecciones 2019:

---

 

 

Novedades

• Nuevas razas detectadas en Argentina: SEVERE EPIDEMICS OF WHEAT YELLOW RUST IN ARGENTINA. GRRC. 09-02-2018

• Carmona M, Sautua F, Pérez-Hernández O, Grosso C, Vettorello L, Milanesio B, Corvi E, Almada G, Hovmøller M (2019) Rapid emergency response to yellow rust epidemics caused by newly introduced lineages of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in Argentina. Tropical Plant Pathology 44: 385–391. doi: 10.1007/s40858-019-00295-y

• GRRC Summary of Puccinia striiformis race analysis 2017 (online February 10, 2018)

• Carmona M, Sautua F (2018) Epidemias de roya amarilla del trigo. Nuevas razas en el mundo, monitoreo y decisión de uso de fungicidas. Agronomía & Ambiente, Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía UBA 38(1): 37-58.

• Protocolo muestreo Roya Amarilla Trigo 2017 FAUBA Carmona Sautua (video)

• INTA EEA Paraná (Ing. Norma Formento) – Bolsa de Cereales de Entre Río. ALERTA DE ENFERMEDADES DEL TRIGO N°5 12 septiembre 2018

Fotos:

Stripe Rust. Washington State University

Puccinia striiformis Westend. Rust Fungi of Australia.

Videos:

Rust: the fungi that attacks plants. Created by Chris Hammang, Producer Sean O’Donoghue, Scientific Consultant Peter Dodds. C SIRO (Video)

Stripe rust of wheat (video)

GCTV20: Rust Analysis – Stripe Rust (Australia) (video)

Triple Rust Resistance (video)

Integrated Genomics Approach to combat wheat yellow rust (video)

Yellow rust in organic Warrior winter wheat (video)

Yellow Rust Disease Destroys Wheat Crop in Northern India (video)

Stripe rust of wheat. CPS Canadian Phytopathological Society (video)

GWAS identifies QTLs for yellow rust resistance in Ethiopian durum wheat (video)

.

Bibliografía

Global Rust Reference Center.

BGRI Borlaug Global Rust Initiative.

Stripe Rust. Washington State University

Abou‐Attia MA, Wang X, Nashaat Al‐Attala M, Xu Q, Zhan G, Kang Z (2016) TaMDAR6 acts as a negative regulator of plant cell death and participates indirectly in stomatal regulation during the wheat stripe rust–fungus interaction. Physiologia Plantarum 156: 262-277. doi: 10.1111/ppl.12355

Ali S, Gladieux P, Leconte M, Gautier A, Justesen AF, et al. (2014) Origin, Migration Routes and Worldwide Population Genetic Structure of the Wheat Yellow Rust Pathogen Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici. PLoS Pathog 10(1): e1003903. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003903

Ali, S., Leconte, M., Rahman, H. et al. (2014) A high virulence and pathotype diversity of Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici at its centre of diversity, the Himalayan region of Pakistan. European Journal of Plant Pathology 140(2): 275-290. doi: 10.1007/s10658-014-0461-2

Ali S, Rodriguez-Algaba J, Thach T, Sørensen CK, Hansen JG, Lassen P, Nazari K, Hodson DP, Justesen AF and Hovmøller MS (2017) Yellow Rust Epidemics Worldwide Were Caused by Pathogen Races from Divergent Genetic Lineages. Frontiers in Plant Science 8: 1057. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01057

Ali S, Sharma S, Leconte M, Shah SJA, Duveiller E, Enjalbert J, de Vallavieille-Pope C (2017) Low pathotype diversity in a recombinant Puccinia striiformis population through convergent selection at the eastern Himalayan centre of diversity (Nepal). Plant Pathology (in press). doi: 10.1111/ppa.12796

An T, Cai Y, Zhao S, Zhou J, Song B, Bux H, Qi X (2016) Brachypodium distachyon T-DNA insertion lines: a model pathosystem to study nonhost resistance to wheat stripe rust. Scientific Reports 6: 25510. doi: 10.1038/srep25510

Anikster Y, Eilam T, Bushnell WR, Kosman E (2005) Spore dimensions of Puccinia species of cereal hosts as determined by image analysis. Mycologia 97(2): 474-484. doi: 10.1080/15572536.2006.11832823

Araujo GT, Amundsen E, Frick M, Gaudet DA, Aboukhaddour R, Selinger B, Thomas J, Laroche A (2020) Detection and quantification of airborne spores from six important wheat fungal pathogens in southern Alberta. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, doi: 10.1080/07060661.2020.1817795

Babu P, Baranwal DK, Harikrishna, Pal D, Bharti H, Joshi P, Thiyagarajan B, Gaikwad KB, Bhardwaj SC, Singh GP, Singh A (2020) Application of Genomics Tools in Wheat Breeding to Attain Durable Rust Resistance. Frontiers in Plant Science 11: 567147. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.567147

Bal RS (2014) Effect of some fungicides and time of fungicidal spray on stripe rust of wheat. Journal of Plant and Pest Science 1(1): 39-43.

Bozkurt TO, Mcgrann GR, Maccormack R, Boyd LA, Akkaya MS (2010) Cellular and transcriptional responses of wheat during compatible and incompatible race‐specific interactions with Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Molecular Plant Pathology 11: 625-640. doi: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2010.00633.x

Brar GS, Graf R, Knox R, Campbell H, Kutcher HR (2017) Reaction of differential wheat and triticale genotypes to natural stripe rust [Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici] infection in Saskatchewan, Canada, Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology. doi: 10.1080/07060661.2017.1341433

Brar GS, Ali S, Qutob D, Ambrose S, Lou K, Maclachlan R, Pozniak CJ, Fu Y-B, Sharpe AG, Kutcher HR (2018) Genome re-sequencing and simple sequence repeat markers reveal the existence of divergent lineages in the Canadian Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici population with extensive DNA methylation. Environmental Microbiology (Accepted Manuscript). doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.14067

Bueno-Sancho V, Persoons A, Hubbard A, Cabrera-Quio LE, Lewis CM, Corredor-Moreno P, Bunting DCE, Ali S, Chng S, Hodson DP, Madariaga Burrows R, Bryson R, Thomas J, Holdgate S, Saunders DGO (2017) Pathogenomic analysis of wheat yellow rust lineages detects seasonal variation and host specificity. Genome Biology and Evolution evx241. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evx241

Campos P, Formento N, Couretort L, Alberione E (2016) Aparición epifítica de roya amarilla del trigo en la región pampeana argentina.

Cantu D, Segovia V, MacLean D, Bayles R, Chen X, Kamoun S, Dubcovsky J, Saunders DG, Uauy C (2013) Genome analyses of the wheat yellow (stripe) rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici reveal polymorphic and haustorial expressed secreted proteins as candidate effectors. BMC Genomics 14: 270. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-270

Carmona (2016) Consideraciones para el monitoreo y control de la roya amarilla con fungicidas.

Carmona M, Sautua F (2017) La problemática de la resistencia de hongos a fungicidas. Causas y efectos en cultivos extensivos. Agronomía & Ambiente Rev. Facultad de Agronomía UBA 37(1): 1-19.

Carmona MA & Sautua F (2018) Epidemias de roya amarilla del trigo: nuevas razas en el mundo, monitoreo y decisión de uso de fungicidas. Agronomía y ambiente: Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad de Buenos Aires 38 (1): 37-58. LINK

Carmona M, Sautua F, Pérez-Hérnandez O and Reis EM (2020) Role of Fungicide Applications on the Integrated Management of Wheat Stripe Rust. Frontiers in Plant Science 11: 733. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00733

Chen X, Moore M, Milus A, Long DL, Line RF, Marshall D, Jackson L (2002) Wheat Stripe Rust Epidemics and Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in the United States in 2000. Plant Disease 86(1): 39-46. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.2002.86.1.39

Chen XM (2005) Epidemiology and control of stripe rust [Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici] on wheat. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 27: 314–337. doi: 10.1080/07060660509507230

Chen X (2013) Review Article: High-Temperature Adult-Plant Resistance, Key for Sustainable Control of Stripe Rust. American Journal of Plant Sciences 4(3): 608-627. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2013.43080

Chen W, Wellings C, Chen X, Kang Z, Liu T (2014) Wheat stripe (yellow) rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Molecular Plant Pathology 15: 433–446. doi: 10.1111/mpp.12116

Chen XM, Kang Z (2017) Stripe Rust. Springer Netherlands. 719 p. doi: 10.1007/978-94-024-1111-9

Cheng P, Xu LS, Wang MN, et al. (2014) Molecular mapping of genes Yr64 and Yr65 for stripe rust resistance in hexaploid derivatives of durum wheat accessions PI 331260 and PI 480016. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 127(10): 2267–2277. doi: 10.1007/s00122-014-2378-8

Cheng J-J, Li H, Ren B, Zhou C-J, Kang Z-S, Huang L-L (2015) Effect of canopy temperature on the stripe rust resistance of wheat. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 43(4): 306-315. doi: 10.1080/01140671.2015.1098708

Cheng Y, Wu K, Yao J, Li S, Wang X, Huang L, Kang Z (2017) PSTha5a23, a candidate effector from the obligate biotrophic pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is involved in plant defense suppression and rust pathogenicity. Environmental Microbiology 19: 1717-1729. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.13610

Cobo N, Pflüger L, Chen X, Dubcovsky J (2018) Mapping QTL for Resistance to New Virulent Races of Wheat Stripe Rust from Two Argentinean Wheat Cultivars. Crop Science 58: 2470-2483. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2018.04.0286

Coradini, Cezar, Piccinini, Fernando, Reimche, Geovane Boschmann, Costa, Ivan Francisco Dressler da, & Machado, Sérgio Luiz de Oliveir (2016) Efeito de óleo essencial de laranja associados a fungicidas no controle de doenças foliares do trigo. Summa Phytopathologica 42(1): 105-106. doi: 10.1590/0100-5405/2020

Coram TE, Wang M, Chen X (2008) Transcriptome analysis of the wheat–Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici interaction. Molecular Plant Pathology 9: 157-169. doi: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2007.00453.x

Cuomo CA, Bakkeren G, Khalil HB, et al. (2016) Comparative Analysis Highlights Variable Genome Content of Wheat Rusts and Divergence of the Mating Loci. G3: Genes | Genomes | Genetics 7(2): 361-376. doi: 10.1534/g3.116.032797

Dagvadorj B, Ozketen AC, Andac A, Duggan C, Bozkurt TO, Akkaya MS (2017) A Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici secreted protein activates plant immunity at the cell surface. Nature Scientific Reports 7: 1141. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01100-z

Dean R, Van Kan JAL, Pretorius ZA, Hammond-Kosack KE, Di Pietro A, Spanu PD, et al. (2012). The Top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology. Molecular Plant Pathology 13: 414–430. doi: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00783.x

deBoer GJ, Nott P, Kemmitt GM (2013) Use of Uptake Spraying Oil to improve fungicidal activity of the triazole fungicide fenbuconazole on Puccinia triticina and Puccinia striiformis rusts of wheat. Online. Plant Health Progress (online). doi: 10.1094/PHP-2013-0528-01- RS

Dehkordi HR, El Jarroudi M, Kouadio L, Meersmans J, Beyer M (2020) Monitoring Wheat Leaf Rust and Stripe Rust in Winter Wheat Using High-Resolution UAV-Based Red-Green-Blue Imagery. Remote Sensing 12: 3696. doi: 10.3390/rs12223696

Devadas R, Simpfendorfer S, Backhouse D, Lamb DW (2014) Effect of stripe rust on the yield response of wheat to nitrogen. The Crop Journal 2(4): 201-206. doi: 10.1016/j.cj.2014.05.002

de Vallavieille-Pope C, Ali S, Leconte M, Enjalbert J, Delos M, Rouzet J (2012) Virulence dynamics and regional structuring of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in France between 1984 and 2009. Plant Disease 96: 131-140. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-02-11-0078

de Vallavieille-Pope C, Bahri B, Leconte M, Zurfluh O, Belaid Y, Maghrebi E, Huard F, Huber L, Launay M, Bancal  MO (2018) Thermal generalist behavior of invasive Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici strains under current and future climate conditions. Plant Pathology (Accepted Manuscript). doi: 10.1111/ppa.12840

Dong Z, Hegarty JM, Zhang J, Zhang W, Chao S, Chen X, Zhou Y, Dubcovsky J (2017) Validation and characterization of a QTL for adult plant resistance to stripe rust on wheat chromosome arm 6BS (Yr78). Theoretical and Applied Genetics (online): 1-11. doi: 10.1007/s00122-017-2946-9

Dracatos, P. M., Haghdoust, R., Singh, D. and Park, R. F. (2017), Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. pseudo-hordei in common wheat. Plant Pathology 66: 285–292. doi: 10.1111/ppa.12580

Duan X, Tellier A, Wan A, Leconte M, de Vallavieille-Pope C, Enjalbert J (2017) Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici presents high diversity and recombination in the over-summering zone of Gansu, China. Mycologia 102(1): 44-53. doi: 10.3852/08-098

Eddy R (2009) Logistic regression models to predict stripe rust infections on wheat and yield response to foliar fungicide application on wheat in Kansas. Master of Science, Kansas State University. Link

El Jarroudi M, Kouadio L, Bock CH, El Jarroudi M, Junk J, Pasquali M, Maraite H, Delfosse P (2017) A Threshold-Based Weather Model for Predicting Stripe Rust Infection in Winter Wheat. Plant Disease 101(5): 693-703. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-12-16-1766-RE

Farber DH, Medlock J, Mundt CC (2017) Local dispersal of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici from isolated source lesions. Plant Pathology 66: 28–37. doi: 10.1111/ppa.12554

Farber D (2017) The primary disease gradient of Wheat Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) across spatial scales. Ph. D. Thesis, Oregon State University. 159 p.

Feng JY, Wang MN, Chen XM, See DR, Zheng YL, Chao SM, Wan AM (2015) Molecular Mapping of YrSP and Its Relationship with Other Genes for Stripe Rust Resistance in Wheat Chromosome 2BL. Phytopathology 105(9): 1206-1213. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-03-15-0060-R

Fungicidal Control of Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici)

Garcia LC, Machado Júnior CR, Bochnia GP, Weirich Neto PH, Raetano CG (2016) Adjuvants in fungicide spraying in wheat and soybean crops. Engenharia Agrícola 36(6): 1110-1117. doi: 10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v36n6p1110-1117/2016

Geagea L, Huber L, Sache I (1999) Dry-dispersal and rain-splash of brown (Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici) and yellow (P. striiformis) rust spores from infected wheat leaves exposed to simulated raindrops. Plant Pathology 48: 472–482. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3059.1999.00372.x

Gilbert B, Bettgenhaeuser J, Upadhyaya N, Soliveres M, Singh D, Park RF, et al. (2018) Components of Brachypodium distachyon resistance to nonadapted wheat stripe rust pathogens are simply inherited. PLoS Genet 14(9): e1007636. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007636

Grabow (2016) Environmental conditions associated with stripe rust and leaf rust epidemics in Kansas winter wheat. PhD Thesis, Kansas State University, 130 p.

Gyawali S, Verma RPS, Kumar S, et al. (2018) Seedling and adult-plant stage resistance of a world collection of barley genotypes to stripe rust. Journal of Phytopathology 166: 18–27. doi: 10.1111/jph.12655

Hovmøller MS, Yahyaoui AH, Milus EA, Justesen AF (2008). Rapid global spread of two aggressive strains of a wheat rust fungus. Molecular Ecology 17, 3818-3826. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.03886.x

Hovmøller MS, Walter S, Justesen AF (2010) Escalating threat of wheat rusts. Science 329 (5990): 369. doi: 10.1126/science.1194925

Hovmøller MS, Walter S, Bayles RA, Hubbard A, Flath K, Sommerfeldt N, Leconte M, Czembor P, Rodriguez-Algaba J, Thach T, Hansen JG, Lassen P, Justesen AF, Ali S, de Vallavieille-Pope C (2016) Replacement of the European wheat yellow rust population by new races from the centre of diversity in the near-Himalayan region. Plant Pathology 65: 402–411. doi: 10.1111/ppa.12433

Hovmøller MS, Rodriguez-Algaba J, Thach T, Justesen AF, Hansen JG (2017) Report for Puccinia striiformis race analyses and molecular genotyping 2016, Global Rust Reference Center (GRRC), Aarhus University, Flakkebjerg, DK- 4200 Slagelse, Denmark. 2 February, 2017.

Hovmøller et al. 2017: Race Typing of Puccinia striiformis on Wheat. In: Wheat Rust Diseases: Methods and Protocols, ed. S. Periyannan. Springer, p. 29-40. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7249-4

Huang S, Zuo S, Zheng D, Liu Y, Du Z, Kang Z, Zhao J (2019) Three formae speciales of Puccinia striiformis were identified as heteroecious rusts based on completion of sexual cycle on Berberis spp. under artificial inoculation. Phytopathology Research 14. doi: 10.1186/s42483-019-0021-y

Hubbard A, Lewis CM, Yoshida K, Ramirez-Gonzalez RH, deVallavieille-Pope C, Thomas J, Kamoun S, Bayles R, Uauy C, Saunders DG (2015) Field pathogenomics reveals the emergence of a diverse wheat yellow rust population. Genome Biology 16: 23. doi: 10.1186/s13059-015-0590-8

Huerta-Espino J, Singh RP (2017) First Detection of Virulence in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici to Wheat Resistance Genes Yr10 and Yr24 (=Yr26) in Mexico. Plant Disease 101(9): 1676-1676. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-04-17-0532-PDN

International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC); IWGSC RefSeq principal investigators:, Appels R, et al. (2018) Shifting the limits in wheat research and breeding using a fully annotated reference genome. Science 361(6403): eaar7191. doi: 10.1126/science.aar7191

Jiao M, Tan C, Wang L, Guo J, Zhang H, Kang Z, Guo J (2017) Basidiospores of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici succeed to infect barberry, while Urediniospores are blocked by non-host resistance. Protoplasma (online): 1-10. doi: 10.1007/s00709-017-1114-z

Jin Y, Szabo LJ, Carson M (2010) Century-old mystery of Puccinia striiformis life history solved with the identification of Berberis as an Alternate Host. Phytopathology 100: 432-435. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-100-5-0432

Jin Y (2011) Role of Berberis spp. as alternate hosts in generating new races of Puccinia graminis and P. striiformis. Euphytica 179(1): 105–108. doi: 10.1007/s10681-010-0328-3

Juliana P, Singh RP, Singh PK, Poland JA, Bergstrom GC, Huerta-Espino J, Bhavani S, Crossa J, Sorrells ME (2018) Genome-wide association mapping for resistance to leaf rust, stripe rust and tan spot in wheat reveals potential candidate genes. Theor Appl Genet. 1-18. doi: 10.1007/s00122-018-3086-6

Kankwatsa P, Singh D, Thomson PC, Babiker EM, Bonman JM, Newcomb M, Park RF (2017) Characterization and genome-wide association mapping of resistance to leaf rust, stem rust and stripe rust in a geographically diverse collection of spring wheat landraces. Molecular Breeding 37: 113. doi: 10.1007/s11032-017-0707-8

King JE (1976) Relationship between Yield Loss and Severity of Yellow Rust Recorded on a Large Number of Single Stems of Winter Wheat. Plant Pathology 25: 172–177. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.1976.tb01953.x

Klymiuk V, Fatiukha A, Raats D, et al. (2020) Three previously characterized resistances to yellow rust are encoded by a single locus Wtk1. Journal of Experimental Botany 71(9): 2561-2572. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa020

Kolmer J, Chen X, Jin Y (2009) Diseases which Challenge Global Wheat Production-The Wheat Rusts, in Wheat Science and Trade (ed. Carver BF), Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK. doi: 10.1002/9780813818832.ch5

Kuzdraliński A, Kot A, Szczerba H, Ostrowska A, Nowak M, Muszyńska M, Lechowski M, Muzyka P (2017) Novel PCR Assays for the Detection of Biological Agents Responsible for Wheat Rust Diseases: Puccinia triticina and Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology 27:299-305. doi: 10.1159/000481799

Landis DA, Saidov N, Jaliov A, et al. (2016) Demonstration of an Integrated Pest Management Program for Wheat in Tajikistan. Journal of Integrated Pest Management 7(1): 11. doi: 10.1093/jipm/pmw010

Lannou C, Hubert P, Gimeno C (2005) Competition and interactions among stripe rust pathotypes in wheat-cultivar mixtures. Plant Pathology 54: 699–712. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2005.01251.x

Lei Y, Yao Z, He D (2018) Automatic detection and counting of urediniospores of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici using spore traps and image processing. Scientific Reports 8: 13647. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31899-0

Lindquist JC (1982) Royas de la República Argentina y zonas limítrofes. Colección científica del INTA. 574 p.

Liu M, Hambleton S (2010) Taxonomic study of stripe rust, Puccinia striiformis sensu lato, based on molecular and morphological evidence. Fungal Biology 114(10): 881-899. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2010.08.005

Liu M, Peng Y, Li H, Deng L, Wang X and Kang Z (2016) TaSYP71, a Qc-SNARE, Contributes to Wheat Resistance against Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Frontiers in Plant Science 7: 544. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00544

Liu T, Wan A, Liu D, Chen X (2017) Changes of Races and Virulence Genes in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, the Wheat Stripe Rust Pathogen, in the United States from 1968 to 2009. Plant Disease 101(8): 1522-1532. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-12-16-1786-RE

Liu W, Maccaferri M, Chen X, Laghetti G, Pignone D, Pumphrey M, Tuberosa R (2017) Genome-wide association mapping reveals a rich genetic architecture of stripe rust resistance loci in emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccum). Theoretical and Applied Genetics (online): 1-22. doi: 10.1007/s00122-017-2957-6

Lyon B, Broders K (2017) Impact of climate change and race evolution on the epidemiology and ecology of stripe rust in central and eastern U.S. and Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology. doi: 10.1080/07060661.2017.13687+

Ma J, Huang X, Wang X, Chen X, Qu Z, Huang L, Kang Z (2009) Identification of expressed genes during compatible interaction between stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) and wheat using a cDNA library. BMC Genomics 10: 586. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-586

Marchal C, Zhang J, Zhang P, Fenwick P, Steuernagel B, Adamski NM, Boyd L, McIntosh R, Wulff BBH, Berry S, Lagudah E, Uauy C (2018) BED-domain containing immune receptors confer diverse resistance spectra to yellow rust. Nature Plants 4: 662–668 . doi: 10.1038/s41477-018-0236-4

Matthew J. Moscou, H. Peter Van Esse (2017) The quest for durable resistance. Science 358(6370): 1541-1542. doi: 10.1126/science.aar4797

McLean M, Henry F, Hollaway G (2010) Stripe rust management in wheat. BCG 2010 Season Research Results: 140-142.

Mehmood S, Sajid M, Zhao J, Khan T, Zhan G, Huang L, Kang Z (2018) Identification of Berberis species Collected from the Himalayan Region of Pakistan Susceptible to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Plant Disease (accepted). doi: 10.1094/PDIS-01-18-0154-RE

Mehmood S, Sajid M, Huang L, Kang Z (2020) Alternate hosts and their impact on genetic diversity of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and disease epidemics, Journal of Plant Interactions 15: 1, 153-165. doi: 10.1080/17429145.2020.1771445

Mehmood S, Sajid M, Zhao J, Huang L, Kang Z (2020) Alternate hosts of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and their role. Pathogens 9(6): 434. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9060434

Miedaner T, Schmid JE, Flath K, et al. (2017) A multiple disease test for field-based phenotyping of resistances to Fusarium head blight, yellow rust and stem rust in wheat. European Journal of Plant Pathology : 1-11. doi: 10.1007/s10658-017-1386-3

Millet E, Manisterski J, Ben-Yehuda P, Distelfeld A, Deek J, Wan A, Chen X, Steffenson BJ (2014) Introgression of leaf rust and stripe rust resistance from Sharon goatgrass (Aegilops sharonensis Eig) into bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Genome 57: 309-316. doi: 10.1139/gen-2014-0004

Milus EA, Seyran E, McNew R (2006) Aggressiveness of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici isolates in the south-central United States. Plant Disease 90: 847-852. doi: 10.1094/PD-90-0847

Milus EA, Kristensen K, Hovmøller MS (2009) Evidence for increased aggressiveness in a recent widespread strain of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici causing stripe rust of wheat. Phytopathology 99: 89-94. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-99-1-0089

Mueller BD, Groves CL, Conley SP, Chapman SA, Kabbage M, Smith DL (2020) Integrated Management of Stripe Rust and Overwintering of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in Wisconsin. Plant Health Progress 21: 205-211. doi: 10.1094/PHP-04-20-0027-RS

Mueth NA, Ramachandran SR, Hulbert SH (2015) Small RNAs from the wheat stripe rust fungus (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici). BMC Genomics 16(1): 718. doi: 10.1186/s12864-015-1895-4

Mukhtar S, Khan MA, Paddar BA, Anjum A, Zaffar P, Mir SA, Naseer S, Bhat MA, Kamaluddin M (2015) Molecular characterization of wheat germplasm for stripe rust resistance genes (Yr5, Yr10, Yr15 & Yr18) and identification of candidate lines for stripe rust breeding in Kashmir. Indian Journal of Biotechnology 14: 241-248.

Muleta KT, Rouse MN, Rynearson S, Chen X, Buta BG, Pumphrey MO (2017) Characterization of molecular diversity and genome-wide mapping of loci associated with resistance to stripe rust and stem rust in Ethiopian bread wheat accessions. BMC Plant Biology 17:134. doi: 10.1186/s12870-017-1082-7

Muleta KT, Bulli P, Rynearson S, Chen X, Pumphrey M (2017a) Loci associated with resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in a core collection of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum). PLoS ONE 12(6): e0179087. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179087

Murray G, Wellings C, Simpfendorfer S, Cole C (2005) Stripe rust: Understanding the disease in wheat. Department of Primari Industries, State of New South Wales, Australia.

Naruoka Y, Ando K, Bulli P, Muleta KT, Rynearson S, Pumphreya MO (2016) Identification and Validation of SNP Markers Linked to the Stripe Rust Resistance Gene Yr5 in Wheat. Crop Science 56(6): 3055-3065. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2016.03.0189

Nsabiyera, V., Bariana, H.S., Qureshi, N. et al. (2018) Characterisation and mapping of adult plant stripe rust resistance in wheat accession Aus27284. Theor Appl Genet 1-9. doi: 10.1007/s00122-018-3090-x

Periyannan S (2017) Wheat Rust Diseases. Methods and Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology Volume 1659 2017. Springer New York. 291 p. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7249-4

Pretorius ZA, Lan CX, Prins R, Knight V, McLaren NW, Singh RP, Bender CM, Kloppers FJ (2017) Application of remote sensing to identify adult plant resistance loci to stripe rust in two bread wheat mapping populations. Precision Agriculture 18(4): 411-428. doi: 10.1007/s11119-016-9461-x

Qi T, Zhu X, Tan C, Liu P, Guo J, Kang Z, Guo J (2017) Host-induced gene silencing of an important pathogenicity factor PsCPK1 in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici enhances resistance of wheat to stripe rust. Plant Biotechnol J. Accepted Author Manuscript. doi:10.1111/pbi.12829

Qureshi N, Bariana H, Forrest K, Hayden M, Keller B, Wicker T, Faris J, Salina E, Bansal U (2017) Fine mapping of the chromosome 5B region carrying closely linked rust resistance genes Yr47 and Lr52 in wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 130(3): 495-504. doi: 10.1007/s00122-016-2829-5

Rahmatov M (2016) Genetic Characterisation of Novel Resistance Alleles to Stem Rust and Stripe Rust in Wheat-Alien Introgression Lines. Alnarp: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. LINK

Rahmatov M, Hovmøller MS, Nazari K, Andersson SC, Steffenson BJ, Johansson E (2017) Seedling and adult plant stripe rust resistance in diverse wheat–alien introgression lines. Crop Science 57(4): 2032-2042. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2016.08.0664

Rahmatov M, Otambekova M, Muminjanov H, et al. (2019) Characterization of stem, stripe and leaf rust resistance in Tajik bread wheat accessions. Euphytica 215: 55. doi: 10.1007/s10681-019-2377-6

Florencia Rodríguez-García M, Huerta-Espino J, Villaseñor-Mir HE, Sandoval Islas JS, Singh RP (2010) Análisis de virulencia de la roya amarilla (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) del trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) en los valles altos de México. Agrociencia 44 (4). LINK

Rodriguez-Algaba J, Walter S, Sørensen CK, Hovmøller MS, Justesen AF (2014) Sexual structures and recombination of the wheat rust fungus Puccinia striiformis on Berberis vulgaris. Fungal Genetics and Biology 70: 77-85. doi: 10.1016/j.fgb.2014.07.005

Rodriguez-Algaba J, Sørensen CK, Labouriau R, Justesen AF, Hovmøller MS (2017) Genetic diversity within and among aecia of the wheat rust fungus Puccinia striiformis on the alternate host Berberis vulgaris. Fungal Biology 121(6–7): 541-549. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2017.03.003

Rosewarne GM, Herrera-Foessel SA, Singh RP, et al. (2013) Quantitative trait loci of stripe rust resistance in wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 126(10): 2427–2449. doi: 10.1007/s00122-013-2159-9

Sapoukhina N, Paillard S, Dedryver F, de Vallavieille-Pope C (2013) Quantitative plant resistance in cultivar mixtures: wheat yellow rust as a modeling case study. New Phytologist 200: 888–897. doi: 10.1111/nph.12413

Savadi S, Prasad P, Kashyap PL, Bhardwaj SC (2017) Molecular breeding technologies and strategies for rust resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum) for sustained food security. Plant Pathology (Accepted). doi: 10.1111/ppa.12802

Schwessinger B (2016) Fundamental wheat stripe rust research in the 21st century. New Phytologist (online). doi: 10.1111/nph.14159

Schwessinger B, Sperschneider J, Cuddy WS, Garnica DP, Miller ME, Taylor JM, Dodds PN, Figueroa M, Park RF, Rathjen JP (2018) A near-complete haplotype-phased genome of the dikaryotic wheat stripe rust fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici reveals high interhaplotype diversity. mBio 9: e02275-17. doi: 10.1128/mBio.02275-17

Sharma-Poudyal D, Chen XM (2011) Models for Predicting Potential Yield Loss of Wheat Caused by Stripe Rust in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. Phytopathology 101(5): 544-554. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-08-10-0215

Sharma-Poudyal D, Chen XM, Wan AM, Zhan GM, Kang ZS, Cao SQ, Jin SL, Morgounov A, Akin B, Mert Z, Shah SJA, Bux H, Ashraf M, Sharma RC, Madariaga R, Puri KD, Wellings C, Xi KQ, Wanyera R, Manninger K, Ganzález MI, Koyda M, Sanin S, Patzek LJ (2013) Virulence characterization of international collections of the wheat stripe rust pathogen, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Plant Disease 97: 379-386. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-01-12-0078-RE

Sharma RC, Nazari K, Amanov A, Ziyaev Z, Jalilov AU (2016) Reduction of Winter Wheat Yield Losses Caused by Stripe Rust through Fungicide Management. Journal of Phytopathology 164: 671–677. doi: 10.1111/jph.12490

Singh R, Mahmoudpour A, Rajkumar M, Narayana R (2017) A review on stripe rust of wheat, its spread, identification and management at field level. Research on Crops 18(3): 528-533. doi: 10.5958/2348-7542.2017.00091.2

Song J, Carver BF, Powers C, Yan L, Klápště J, El-Kassaby YA, Chen C (2017) Practical application of genomic selection in a doubled-haploid winter wheat breeding program. Mol Breeding (2017) 37: 117. doi: 10.1007/s11032-017-0715-8

Sørensen CK, Labouriau R and Hovmøller MS (2017) Temporal and Spatial Variability of Fungal Structures and Host Responses in an Incompatible Rust–Wheat Interaction. Frontiers in Plant Science 8: 484. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00484

Souza BJRd, Perez PH, Bauer FC, Raetano CG, Weirich Neto PH, Garcia LC (2014) Adjuvantes em pulverizações de fungicidas na cultura do trigo. Ciência Rural 44(8): 1398-1403. doi: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20131099

Sucher J, Menardo F, Praz CR, Boni R, Krattinger SG, Keller B (2017) Transcriptional profiling reveals no response of fungal pathogens to the durable, quantitative Lr34 disease resistance gene of wheat. Plant Pathology  (in press). doi: 10.1111/ppa.12797

Sun C, Liu YK, Chao KX, Fang ZW, Wang SP, Tang Q (2018) Characterization and molecular mapping of stripe rust resistance in wheat – Psathyrostachys huashanica introgression line H9015-17-1-9-6. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology. doi: 10.1080/07060661.2018.1523230

Thach T, Ali S, de Vallavieille-Pope C, Justesen AF, Hovmøller MS (2016) Worldwide population structure of the wheat rust fungus Puccinia striiformis in the past. Fungal Genetics and Biology 87: 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.12.014

Tischler YK, Thiessen E, Hartung E (2018) Early optical detection of infection with brown rust in winter wheat by chlorophyll fluorescence excitation spectra. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 146: 77–85. doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2018.01.026

TRIGO. Actualización técnica 2017. INTA ediciones. 200 p.

Ullah K, Khan NU, Gul R, Gul S, Khan MI, Khan IU (2016) Genetic effects for controlling stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) resistance in wheat through joint segregation analysis. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy 38(3): 317-328. doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v38i3.28347

Vergara-Diaza O, Kefauvera SC, Elazaba A, Nieto-Taladrizb MT, Araus JL (2015) Grain yield losses in yellow-rusted durum wheat estimated using digital and conventional parameters under field conditions. The Crop Journal 3 200-210. doi: 10.1016/j.cj.2015.03.003

Villaréal LMMA, Lannou C, Vallavieille-Pope C, Neema C (2002) Genetic Variability in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Populations Sampled on a Local Scale during Natural Epidemics. Applied Environmental Microbiology 68(12): 6138-6145. doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.12.6138-6145.2002

Walter S, Ali S, Kemen E, Nazari K, Bahri BA, Enjalbert J, Hansen JG, Brown JKM, Sicheritz-Ponten T, Jones J, de Vallavieille-Pope C, Hovmøller MS, Justesen AF (2016) Molecular markers for tracking the origin and worldwide distribution of invasive strains of Puccinia striiformis. Ecology and Evolution 6(9): 2790-2804. doi: 10.1002/ece3.2069

Wang H, Yang XB, Ma Z (2010) Long-Distance Spore Transport of Wheat Stripe Rust Pathogen from Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou in Southwestern China. Plant Disease 94(7): 873-880. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-94-7-0873

Wang et al. (2010) Characterization of a pathogenesis-related thaumatin-like protein gene TaPR5 from wheat induced by stripe rust fungus. Physiologia Plantarum 139(1): 27–38. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01338.x

Wang X, Yang B, Li K, Kang Z, Cantu D, Dubcovsky J (2016) A Conserved Puccinia striiformis Protein Interacts with Wheat NPR1 and Reduces Induction of Pathogenesis-Related Genes in Response to Pathogens. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 29(12): 977-989. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-10-16-0207-R

Wang Z, Zhao J, Chen X, Peng Y, Ji J, Zhao S, Lv Y, Huang L, Kang Z (2016) Virulence Variations of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Isolates Collected from Berberis spp. in China. Plant Disease 100(1): 131-138. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-12-14-1296-RE

Wang J, Wang Y, Liu X, Xu Y, Ma Q (2016) Microtubule Polymerization Functions in Hypersensitive Response and Accumulation of H2O2 in Wheat Induced by the Stripe Rust. BioMed Research International vol. 2016, Article ID 7830768, 7 pages. doi: 10.1155/2016/7830768

Wang J, Tao F, An F, Zou Y, Tian W, Chen X, Xu X, Hu X (2017) Wheat transcription factor TaWRKY70 is positively involved in high‐temperature seedling plant resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Molecular Plant Pathology 18: 649-661. doi: 10.1111/mpp.12425

Wang J, Tao F, Tian W, Guo Z, Chen X, Xu X, et al. (2017) The wheat WRKY transcription factors TaWRKY49 and TaWRKY62 confer differential high-temperature seedling-plant resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. PLoS ONE 12(7): e0181963. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181963

Wang B, Sun Y, Song N, Zhao M, Liu R, Feng H, Wang X, Kang Z (2017) Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici microRNA-like RNA 1 (Pst-milR1), an important pathogenicity factor of Pst, impairs wheat resistance to Pst by suppressing the wheat pathogenesis-related 2 gene. New Phytologist 215: 338–350. doi: 10.1111/nph.14577

Wang X, Wang Y, Liu P, Ding Y, Mu X, Liu X, Wang X, Zhao M, Huai B, Huang L and Kang Z (2017) TaRar1 Is Involved in Wheat Defense against Stripe Rust Pathogen Mediated by YrSu. Frontiers in Plant Science 8:156. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00156

Wang J, Wang J, Shang H, Chen X, Xu X, Hu X (2019) TaXa21, a Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptor–Like Kinase Gene Associated with TaWRKY76 and TaWRKY62, Plays Positive Roles in Wheat High-Temperature Seedling Plant Resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 2019 32:1526-1535. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-05-19-0137-R

Wellings CR, McIntosh RA, Walker J (1987) Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in eastern Australia-possible means of entry and implications for plant quarantine. Plant Pathology 36: 239–241. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.1987.tb02230.x

Wellings CR, Wright DG, Keiper F, Loughman R (2003) First detection of wheat stripe rust in Western Australia: evidence for a foreign incursion. Australasian Plant Pathology 32(2): 321–322. doi: 10.1071/AP03023

Wellings CR (2007) Puccinia striiformis in Australia: a review of the incursion, evolution, and adaptation of stripe rust in the period 1979–2006. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58: 567–575. doi: 10.1071/AR07130

Whetton RL, Hassall KL, Waine TW, Mouazen AM (2018) Hyperspectral measurements of yellow rust and fusarium head blight in cereal crops: Part 1: Laboratory study. Biosystems Engineering 166: 101-115. doi: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2018.01.004

Wu JH, Wang QL, Chen XM, Wang MJ, Mu JM, Lv XN, Huang LL, Han DJ, Kang ZS (2016) Stripe rust resistance in wheat breeding lines developed for central Shaanxi, an overwintering region for Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in China. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 38(3): 317-324. doi: 10.1080/07060661.2016.1206039

Wu J, Wang Q, Liu S, Huang S, Mu J, Zeng Q, Huang L, Han D and Kang Z (2017) Saturation Mapping of a Major Effect QTL for Stripe Rust Resistance on Wheat Chromosome 2B in Cultivar Napo 63 Using SNP Genotyping Arrays. Front. Plant Sci. 8:653. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00653

Wu J, Wang Q, Xu L, Chen X, Li MB, Mu J, Zeng Q, Huang L, Han D, Kang Z (2017) Combining SNP genotyping array with bulked segregant analysis to map a gene controlling adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in wheat line 03031-1-5 H62. Phytopathology (accepted). doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-04-17-0153-R

Xia CJ, Wang MN, Wan AM, Jiwan DA, See DR, Chen XM (2016) Association Analysis of SP-SNPs and Avirulence Genes in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, the Wheat Stripe Rust Pathogen. American Journal of Plant Sciences 7: 126-137. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2016.71014

Xia C, Wang M, Yin C, et al. (2018) Genomic insights into host adaptation between the wheat stripe rust pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) and the barley stripe rust pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei). BMC Genomics 19:664. doi: 10.1186/s12864-018-5041-y

Xiang-Yu Long, Ya-Xi Liu, Helene Rocheleau, Therese Ouellet, Guo-Yue Chen (2011) Identification and Validation of Internal Control Genes for Gene Expression in Wheat Leaves Infected by Strip Rust. International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics 5: 255-267. doi: 10.3923/ijpbg.2011.255.267

Xu X, Ma LJ, Hu X (2018) Overwintering of Wheat Stripe Rust under Field Conditions in the Northwestern Regions of China. Plant Disease (accepted). doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-18-1053-RE

Xu, Q., Tang, C., Wang, L., Zhao, C., Kang, Z. and Wang, X. (2020), Haustoria – arsenals during the interaction between wheat and Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Molecular Plant Pathology, 21: 83-94. doi: 10.1111/mpp.12882

Yang Y, Chen F, Han D, Ruan R, Li B, Yu Y, Bi C (2017) Evaluation of resistance of current wheat cultivars and breeding lines to stripe rust from three Gorges reservoir area. Journal of General Plant Pathology 83(5): 283-290. doi: 10.1007/s10327-017-0729-4

Yao Q, He MM, Hou L, Yan JH, Guo QY, Jing JX, Kang ZS (2017) Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of stripe rust resistance genes in Chinese native wheat (Triticum aestivum) Lankao 5. Australasian Plant Pathology 46(3): 213-221. doi: 10.1007/s13313-017-0478-z

Yu M, Zhang H, Zhou XL, Hou DB, Chen GY (2017) Quantitative trait loci associated with agronomic traits and stripe rust in winter wheat mapping population using single nucleotide polymorphic markers. Molecular Breeding 37:105. doi: 10.1007/s11032-017-0704-y

Zakeri A, Zakeri A, Afshari F, Yasaie M, Nikzad AR, Rajaei S (2016) Genetic analysis of resistance to stripe rust in some Iranian bread wheat cultivars and elite lines. Crop Breeding 6(2): 1-8. doi: 10.22092/CBJ.2016.107102

Zeng QD, Han DJ, Wang QL, Yuan FP, Wu JH, Zhang L, Wang XJ, Huang LL, Chen XM, Kang ZS (2014) Stripe rust resistance and genes in Chinese wheat cultivars and breeding lines. Euphytica 196: 271-284. doi: 10.1007/s10681-013-1030-z

Zhao J, Wang M, Chen X, Kang Z (2016) Role of Alternate Hosts in Epidemiology and Pathogen Variation of Cereal Rusts. Annual Review of Phytopathology 54: 207-228. doi: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080615-095851

Zheng W, Huang L, Huang J, Wang X, Chen X, Zhao J, Guo J, Zhuang H, Qiu C, Liu J, Liu H, Huang X, Pei G, Zhan G, Tang C, Cheng Y, Liu M, Zhang J, Zhao Z, Zhang S, Han Q, Han D, Zhang H, Zhao J, Gao X, Wang J, Ni P, Dong W, Yang L, Yang H, Xu J-R, Zhang G, Kang Z (2013) High genome heterozygosity and endemic genetic recombination in the wheat stripe rust fungus. Nature Communications 4: 2673. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3673

Zhu X, Liu W, Chu X, Sun Q, Tan C, Yang Q, Jiao M, Guo J, Kang Z (2017) The transcription factor PstSTE12 is required for virulence of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Molecular Plant Pathology. Accepted Author Manuscript. doi: 10.1111/mpp.12582

---

 Notas

Stripe Rust of Wheat on the Move. ILLINOIS FIELD CROP DISEASE BLOG