Mancha anillada de la Soja (Corynespora cassiicola)

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Condición fitosanitaria: Presente ampliamente distribuida

Grupo de cultivos: Oleaginosas

Especie hospedante: Soja (Glycine max)

Rango de hospedantes: amplio, incluyendo hortalizas, frutas, cereales, silvicultura, cultivos comerciales y diversas plantas ornamentales (Dixon et al., 2009; Looi et al., 2017). La variabilidad genética de los aislados de C. cassiicola se correlaciona con las diferencias en los efectores del patógeno, patogenicidad, especificidad por el hospedante y resistencia del hospedante (Rondon y Lawrence, 2021).

Epidemiología: policíclica, subaguda.

Etiología: Hongo. Necrotrófico

Agente causal: Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & Curt.)

Taxonomía: Eukaryota > Fungi > Dikarya > Ascomycota > Pezizomycotina > Dothideomycetes > Pleosporomycetidae > Pleosporales > Corynesporascaceae > Corynespora

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Síntomas

Afecta todos los órganos de la planta, inclusive raíces, pero su síntoma más evidente se observa en las hojas: lesiones circulares a irregulares de color marrón-rojizo, rodeadas por un halo característico de color amarillo senescente. Comparativamente, las manchas son de mayor tamaño en relación al resto de las EFC, y suelen observarse zonas concéntricas en la misma. La enfermedad puede causar defoliación.

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Condiciones ambientales predisponentes para el establecimiento de la enfermedad

Alta humedad relativa (mayor a 80 %) favorece las infecciones foliares. Coloniza rastrojos de numerosas especies. Puede sobrevivir en el suelo aún en ausencia de los rastrojos.

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Manejo de la enfermedad

Sembrar semilla sana o tratada con fungicidas. Rotación de cultivos. Utilizar variedades de mejor comportamiento. Aplicación foliar de fungicidas.

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Bibliografía

Avozani A, Reis EM, Tonin RB (2014) Sensitivity loss by Corynespora cassiicola, isolated from soybean, to the fungicide carbendazim. Summa Phytopathologica 40(2): 273-276. doi: 10.1590/0100-5405/1928

Banguela-Castillo A, Ramos-González PL, Peña-Marey M, et al. (2020) An updated phylogenetic classification of Corynespora cassiicola isolates and a practical approach to their identification based on the nucleotide polymorphisms at the ga4 and caa5 loci. Mycologia. 112(1): 24-38. doi: 10.1080/00275514.2019.1670018

Butler S, Young-Kelly H, Raper T, et al. (2016) First Report of Target Spot Caused by Corynespora cassiicola on Cotton in Tennessee. Plant Disease 100(2): 535-535. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-07-15-0785-PDN

Cabral WC, Campos HD, Costa LSAS, Simon GA (2016) In vitro susceptibility of Corynespora cassiicola isolate from Brazil fields to fungicide. African Journal of Agricultural Research 11(19): 1699-1711. doi: 10.5897/AJAR2015.10727

Chairin T, Pornsuriya C, Thaochan N, et al. (2017) Corynespora cassiicola causes leaf spot disease on lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivated in hydroponic systems in Thailand. Australasian Plant Disease Notes 12: 16. doi: 10.1007/s13314-017-0241-x

Dal’Sasso TCdS, Rody HVS, Grijalba PE, et al. (2021) Genome sequences and in silico effector mining of Corynespora cassiicola CC_29 and Corynespora olivacea CBS 114450. Arch Microbiol. doi: 10.1007/s00203-021-02456-7

Dalbelo Puia J, da Silva Moreira AM, Thibes Hoshino A, et al. (2022) Characterization and Incidence of Target Spot Lesions in Unifoliate Leaves, Petioles, and Stems of Soybean Cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Science Archives 14. doi: 10.5539/jas.v14n4p79

de Mello FE, Lopes-Caitar VS, Xavier-Valencio SA, et al. (2021) Resistance of Corynespora cassiicola from soybean to QoI and MBC fungicides in Brazil. Plant Pathol. doi: 10.1111/ppa.13474

Dixon LJ, Schlub RL, Pernezny K, Datnoff LE (2009) Host specialization and phylogenetic diversity of Corynespora cassiicola. Phytopathology 99: 1015-1027. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-99-9-1015

Edwards Molina JP (2018) Yield losses of soybean due to target spot (Corynespora cassiicola), its genetic and chemical management. Doctoral Thesis, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz. doi: 10.11606/T.11.2018.tde-25072018-165739

Edwards Molina JP, Paul PA, Amorim L , et al. (2018) Meta‐analysis of fungicide efficacy on soybean target spot and cost–benefit assessment. Plant Pathology. doi: 10.1111/ppa.12925

Edwards Molina, JP, Paul PA, Amorim L, et al. (2018) Effect of target spot on soybean yield and factors affecting this relationship. Plant Pathology. doi:10.1111/ppa.12944

Edwards Molina JP, Navarro BL, Allen TW, et al. (2022) Soybean target spot caused by Corynespora cassiicola: a resurgent disease in the Americas. Trop. plant pathol. doi: 10.1007/s40858-022-00495-z

Ferreira AFTAF, Bentes JLS (2017) Pathogenicity of Corynespora cassiicola on different hosts in Amazonas State, Brazil. Summa Phytopathologica 43(1): 63-65. doi: 10.1590/0100-5405/2220

Fortunato AA, Debona D, Bernardeli AMA, Rodrigues FA (2015) Defence‐Related Enzymes in Soybean Resistance to Target Spot. J Phytopathol, 163: 731-742. doi: 10.1111/jph.12370

Fortunato AA, Araujo L, Rodrigues FÁ (2017) Association of the Production of Phenylpropanoid Compounds at the Infection Sites of Corynespora cassiicola with Soybean Resistance against Target Spot. Journal of Phytopathology 165: 131–142. doi: 10.1111/jph.12546

Goulart ACP, Lamas FM (2016) Occurrence of Target Spot, caused by Corynespora cassiicola, on cotton plants in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul State. Summa Phytopathologica 42(3): 271-272. doi: 10.1590/0100-5405/2193

Güssow HT (1906) Uber eine neue Krankheit an Gurken in England (Corynespora Mazei, Güssow gen. et spec. nov.). Riv. Di Patol. Veg. 1: 202.

Koenning SR, Creswell TC, Dunphy EJ, et al. (2006) Increased Occurrence of Target Spot of Soybean Caused by Corynespora cassiicola in the Southeastern United States. Plant Disease 90(7): 974-974. doi: 10.1094/PD-90-0974C

Lisboa WS, Macedo DM, Silva M, Barreto RW (2016) First report of Corynespora cassiicola on Pueraria phaseoloides (tropical kudzu). Australasian Plant Disease Notes 11:17. doi: 10.1007/s13314-016-0203-8

Looi HK, Toh YF, Yew SM, et al. (2017) Genomic insight into pathogenicity of dematiaceous fungus Corynespora cassiicola. PeerJ 5: e2841. doi: 10.7717/peerj.2841

Lopez D, Ribeiro S, Label P, et al. (2018) Genome-Wide Analysis of Corynespora cassiicola Leaf Fall Disease Putative Effectors. Front. Microbiol. 9: 276. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00276

Melo MM, Reis EM (2010) Efeito de substratos, luz e sobreposição de papel de filtro na esporulação de Corynespora cassiicola. Summa Phytopathologica 36(3): 251-253. doi: 10.1590/S0100-54052010000300013

Ngo KX, Nguyen PDN, Furusho H, et al. (2022) Unraveling the Host-Selective Toxic Interaction of Cassiicolin with Lipid Membranes and Its Cytotoxicity. Phytopathology 112(7): 1524-1536. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-09-21-0397-R

Onesirosan PT, Arny DC, Durbin RD (1974) Host Specificity of Nigerian and North American Isolates of Corynespora cassiicola. Phytopathology 64:1364-1367. doi: 10.1094/Phyto-64-1364

Rondon MN, Lawrence K (2021) The fungal pathogen Corynespora cassiicola: A review and insights for target spot management on cotton and soya bean. J  Phytopathol. 169: 329– 338. doi: 10.1111/jph.12992

Seaman WL, Shoemaker RA, Peterson EA (1965) Pathogenicity of Corynespora cassiicola on soybean. Canadian Journal of Botany 43: 1461-1469. doi: 10.1139/b65-154

Shi Y, Sun B, Xie X, et al. (2021) Site-directed mutagenesis of the succinate dehydrogenase subunits B and D from Corynespora cassiicola reveals different fitness costs and sensitivities to succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors. Environ. Microbiol. 23: 5769–5783. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.15361

Shrestha SK, Lamour K, Young-Kelly H (2017) Genome sequences and SNP analyses of Corynespora cassiicola from cotton and soybean in the southeastern United States reveal limited diversity. PLoS ONE 12(9): e0184908. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184908

Smith LJ (2008) Host Range, Phylogenetic, and Pathogenic Diversity of Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. and Curt.) Wei. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.

Smith TM, Kelly HY, Lamour KH (2021) Detection of the G143A Mutation in the Cytochrome b Gene of Corynespora cassiicola Isolates from Soybean in Tennessee. Plant Health Progress 22: 570-572. doi: 10.1094/PHP-04-21-0072-BR

Sousa, MV de, Siqueira CS, Machado JC (2016) Conventional PCR for detection of Corynespora cassiicola in soybean seeds. Journal of Seed Science 38(2): 85-91. doi: 10.1590/2317-1545v38n2152049

Shi Y, Zhu F, Sun B, et al.  (2021) Two adjacent mutations in the conserved domain of SdhB confer various resistance phenotypes to fluopyram in Corynespora cassiicola. Pest Manag Sci, 77: 3980-3989. doi: 10.1002/ps.6420

Sun B, Zhu G, Xie X, et al. (2022) Double Mutations in Succinate Dehydrogenase Are Involved in SDHI Resistance in Corynespora cassiicola. Microorganisms  10(1): 132. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10010132

Teramoto A, Meyer MC, Suassuna ND, Cunha MG (2017) In vitro sensitivity of Corynespora cassiicola isolated from soybean to fungicides and field chemical control of target spot. Summa Phytopathologica 43(4): 281-289. doi: 10.1590/0100-5405/2195

Toulet ML, Neira DA, Escobar M, et al. (2022) Morphological and pathogenic characterization of Corynespora cassiicola isolates reveals specific genotypic interactions in soybean. Plant Pathology 1– 17. doi: 10.1111/ppa.13528

Wang X, Abou Ghanem-Sabanadzovic N, Sabanadzovic S, et al. (2022) Evaluating in vitro fitness parameters of G143A-containing and wild-type Corynespora cassiicola isolates from Mississippi soybean. Plant Dis. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-22-1298-RE

Wang X, Ghanem-Sabanadzovic NA, Sabanadzovic S, et al. (2023) Defining fungicide resistance mechanisms in the Corynespora cassiicola population from Mississippi soybean. Plant Disease. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-22-1297-RE

Wang X, Aboughanem-Sabanadzovic N, Sabanadzovic S, et al. (2023) Evaluating In Vitro Fitness Parameters of G143A-Containing and Wild-Type Corynespora cassiicola Isolates from Mississippi Soybean. Plant Dis.: PDIS06221298RE. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-22-1298-RE

Wu J, Xie X, Shi Y, et al. (2018) Analysis of pathogenic and genetic variability of Corynespora cassiicola based on iPBS retrotransposons. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology (accepted). doi: 10.1080/07060661.2018.1516239

Xavier SA, Canteri MG, Barros DCM, Godoy CV (2013) Sensitivity of Corynespora cassiicola from soybean to carbendazim and prothioconazole. Tropical Plant Pathology 38(5): 431-435. doi: 10.1590/S1982-56762013005000020

Zhao Q, Shi Y, Wang Y, et al. (2021) Quantifying Airborne Dispersal Route of Corynespora cassiicola in Greenhouses. Front. Microbiol. 12: 716758. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.716758